History Artificial facet replacement






^ serhan, h.; mhatre, d.; defossez, h.; bono, c.m. (2011). motion-preserving technologies degenerative lumbar spine: past, present, , future horizons . international journal of spine surgery. 5 (3): 75–89. doi:10.1016/j.esas.2011.05.001. pmc 4365627 . pmid 25802672. 
^ pivotal study of facet replacement system treat spinal stenosis . clinicaltrials.gov. u.s. national institutes of health. 9 september 2015. retrieved 17 february 2016. 
^ goel, v.k.; mehta, a.; jangra, j.; faizan, a.; kiapour, a.; hoy, r.w.; fauth, a.r. (2007). anatomic facet replacement system (afrs) restoration of lumbar segment mechanics intact: finite element study , in vitro cadaver investigation . international journal of spine surgery. 1 (1): 46–54. doi:10.1016/sasj-2006-0010-rr. pmc 4365566 . pmid 25802578. 
^ anekstein, y.; floman, y.; smorgick, y.; rand, n.; millgram, m.; mirovsky, y. (2015). 7 years follow-up total lumbar facet joint replacement (tops) in management of lumbar spinal stenosis , degenerative spondylolisthesis (pdf). european spine journal. 24 (10): 2306–14. doi:10.1007/s00586-015-3850-0. pmid 25749724. retrieved 17 february 2016. 
^ safety , effectiveness study of tops system, total posterior arthroplasty implant designed alleviate pain resulting moderate severe lumbar stenosis . clinicaltrials.gov. u.s. national institutes of health. 17 may 2011. retrieved 17 february 2016. 
^ voronov, l.i.; harvey, r.m.; sjovold, s.g.; et al. (2009). kinematics of total facet replacement (tfas-tl) total disc replacement . international journal of spine surgery. 3 (3): 85–90. doi:10.1016/j.esas.2009.09.002. pmc 4365598 . pmid 25802631. 
^ total facet arthroplasty system®(tfas®) clinical trial . clinicaltrials.gov. u.s. national institutes of health. 4 february 2009. retrieved 17 february 2016. 






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