Names Toilet

1 names

1.1 etymology
1.2 contemporary use
1.3 regional variants
1.4 euphemisms

names

etymology

in la toilette hogarth s marriage à la mode series (1743), young countess receives lover, tradesmen, hangers-on, , italian tenor finishes toilette



detail of queen charlotte 2 eldest sons, johan zoffany, 1765, (the whole painting). doing toilet, silver-gilt toilet service on dressing-table

toilet french loanword (first attested in 1540) referred toilette ( little cloth ) draped on 1 s shoulders during hairdressing. during late 17th century, term came used metonymy in both languages whole complex of grooming , body care centered @ dressing table (also covered cloth) , equipment composing toilet service, including mirror, hairbrushes, , containers powder , makeup. time spent @ such table came known 1 s toilet ; came period during close friends or tradesmen received toilet-calls .

the use of toilet describe special room grooming came later (first attested in 1819), following french cabinet de toilet. similar powder room , toilet came used euphemism rooms dedicated urination , defecation, particularly in context of signs public toilets, on trains. finally, came used plumbing fixtures in such rooms (apparently first in united states) these replaced chamber pots, outhouses, , latrines. these 2 uses, fixture , room, supplanted other senses of word during 20th century except in form toiletries .

contemporary use

the word toilet , plumbing fixture or room, considered impolite in varieties of english, while elsewhere word used without embarrassment. toilet etymology euphemism, no longer understood such. old euphemisms have become standard term, have been progressively replaced newer ones, example of euphemism treadmill @ work. choice of word relies not on regional variation, on social situation , level of formality (register) or social class. american manufacturers show uneasiness word , class attributes: american standard, largest firm, sells them toilets , yet higher priced products of kohler company, installed in more expensive housing, sold commodes or closets, words carry other meanings. confusingly, products imported japan such toto referred toilets , though carry cachet of higher cost , quality. (toto, abbreviation of tōyō tōki (東洋陶器 oriental ceramics), used in japanese comics visually indicate toilets or other things toilets; see toilets in japan.)

regional variants

different dialects use bathroom , restroom (american english), bathroom , washroom (canadian english), , wc (an initialism water closet ), lavatory , abbreviation lav (british english).

euphemisms

crapper in use coarse name toilet, gained currency work of thomas crapper, popularized flush toilets in england.

jacks irish slang toilet. perhaps derives jacques , jakes , old english term.

loo – etymology of loo obscure. oxford english dictionary notes 1922 appearance of how cost? waterloo. watercloset. in james joyce s novel ulysses , defers alan s. c. ross s arguments derived in fashion site of napoleon s 1815 defeat. in 1950s use of word loo considered 1 of markers of british upper-class speech, featuring in famous essay, u , non-u english . loo may have derived corruption of french l eau ( water ), gare à l eau ( mind water , used in reference emptying chamber pots street upper-story window), lieu ( place ), lieu d aisance ( place of ease , used euphemistically toilet), or lieu à l anglaise ( english place , used around 1770 refer english-style toilets installed travelers). other proposed etymologies include supposed tendency place toilets in room 100 (hence loo ) in english hotels, dialectical corruption of nautical term lee in reference need urinate , defecate wind prior advent of head pumps, or 17th-century preacher louis bourdaloue, long sermons @ paris s saint-paul-saint-louis prompted parishioners bring along chamber pots.

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